Practice & Preparation for Interviews

Decorators provide additional functionality to the functions without directly changing their definition of them. Basically, it takes the functions as an argument, adds functionality to them, and returns it.  Before diving deep into the concept of Decorators, let's first try to understand  What are functions in Python and what is an inner function? In Python everything is Objects, be it Class, Variables, and Functions . So functions are python first-class objects that can be used or passed as an argument. You can store the functions in variables, you can pass a function to another function as parameters, and you can also return the function from the function. Below is one simple example where we are treating functions as objects . def make_me_lowercase ( str ): return str .lower() print (make_me_lowercase( "HELLO World" )) copy_of_you = make_me_lowercase print (copy_of_you( "HELLO World" )) The output of the above calls for both the functio...

In this post, we are going to provide the frequently asked SQL  interview questions and answers asked in Data Engineer Interviews . Interviewers usually go from asking fundamental SQL interview queries  to asking advanced SQL  queries. In this post, we are mostly going to discuss SQL interview questions for freshers. You should also be prepared to write some SQL interview questions involving multiple JOINs, CASE statements, and GROUP BY . The below questions are collected on the basis of personal experience in several Interviews with TOP IT companies. Want to become a Data Engineer? Check out below blog posts  1.  5 Key Skills Every Data Engineer needs in 2023 2.  How to prepare for Data Engineering Interviews 3.  Top 25 Data Engineer Questions 1. What is a Primary Key? A Primary key is a field or combination of fields that uniquely identify the records in the tables. The primary key column cannot be NULL or Empty. The primary key column should...

In my last post  How to prepare for Data Engineer Interviews  I wrote about how one can prepare for the Data Engineer Interviews and in this blog post I am going to provide the  Top 25 Basic   data engineer interview questions  asked frequently and its brief Answers. This is typically the first round of Interview where interviewer just want to access whether you are aware of basic concepts or not and therefore you don't need to explain it in detail. Just a single statement would be suffice. Lets get started A. Programming ( python interview questions for data engineer ) 1. What is the Static method in Python? Static methods are the methods which are bound to the  Class  rather than Class's Object. Thus, it can be called without creating objects of class. We can just call it using the reference of the class. Also, all the objects of the class shares only one copy of the static method. 2. What is a Decorator in Python? Decorators provide additional funct...

In recent years, due to the humongous growth of Data, almost all IT companies want to leverage the Data for their Businesses, and that's why the Data Engineering & Data Science opportunities in IT companies are increasing at a rapid rate, we can easily say that Data Engineers are currently at the top of the list of "most hired profiles" in the year 2020-21.  And due to huge demand companies wants to hire Data Engineers who are skilled in programming, SQL, are able to design and create scalable Data Pipelines, and are able to do Data Modelling. In a way, Data engineers should possess all the skills that Software engineers have and as well as skills Data Analysts possess. And, in interviews also the companies look for all the skills mentioned above in Data Engineers. So in this blog post, I am going to cover all the topics and domains one can expect in Data Engineer Interviews A. Programming Round Most of the Product based companies, especially MAANG (Meta, Apple, Amazo...

In this post, I am going to discuss the top 5 JAVA interview technical questions that are frequently asked in the technical interview of big IT companies that are looking for JAVA developers. 1.  What is Method Overriding in JAVA? One of the most common technical interview questions 1. Method overriding is used to enable sub-class to use same Method name, same number, and type of arguments and same return type of super-class 2. It is run-time polymorphism 3. The methods must have the same signature. Example: class Book { void run(){ System.out.println(“Book is issued”); } Class MathBook extends Book{ void run() { System.out.prinltn(“MathBook is issued to Maths Student”); } public static void main( String args[]) { Book b=new MathBook(); b.run(); } } 2. What are Threads in JAVA? How to create Threads? Again very important IT interview question A thread is an independent and isolated path of execution in a single program. Many thr...

Python is the most widely used programming language nowadays and it is one of the favorite languages among developers. Also, with the latest growth in Big data, Data Science, and Machine Learning, python is most popular in the Big Data community. So, companies working with Big Data expect knowledge of python, and concepts of python are frequently asked in interviews.  In this post, I will share the technical questions interview experience and  top 5 basic python technical questions which are frequently asked in many technical interview. 1. Describe Memory Management in Python It is one of the most common IT interview questions. Memory management in Python involves a private heap containing objects and data structures. The management of this private heap is handled by the Python memory manager. Python memory management also deals with various dynamic storage aspects like sharing, segmentation, and pre-allocation. The programmer doesn't have access to private heap sto...

Recently, you might have come across a word Kotlin, so in this post, I am going to share about Kotlin and how it is different from JAVA? What is Kotlin? Kotlin is statically typed programming language developed by JetBrains that runs on Java Virtual Machine. It can also be compiled to JavaScript source code. Kotlin is expressive, concise and powerful as it combines object-oriented Programming and functional programming features. It is focused on interoperability, safety and tooling support. Lately, it is really popular within the Android community and most of the developers are switching towards Kotlin. The reason being that Kotlin reduces the lines of code and make it more convenient process for the developers. Let's look at the few important differences between Kotlin and Java Kotlin vs Java : Function Types: Kotlin has the ability to pass the function as a parameter to other functions without resorting to single abstract methods like callable, runnable etc, ...